Periodontal Disease

How Do I Know If My Dog Has Periodontal Disease?

If you notice that your dog has any of these symptoms, be sure to tell your veterinarian:

• Bad breath (one of the first signs of peridontal disease)
• Red or swollen gums
• A yellow-brown crust near the gum line
• Loose or missing teeth
• Discomfort when mouth or gums are touched
• Possible decreased appetite or weight loss due to diffictulty chewing

Is There Anything I Can Do?

Brush. Preventing periodontal disease begins at home. By brushing your dog's teeth on a regular basis, you will help to reduce plaque buildup. Be sure to use a toothbrush and toothpaste specially designed for dogs.

Clean. You visit your dentist regularly for cleaning and dental exams; you should take your dog to your veterinarian for the same type of care. Regular professional cleaning under general anesthesia, including areas under the gum line will help remove plaque and tartar on teeth. This can help reduce the bacteria's contribution to periodontitis.

Giving your dog appropriate chew toys and feeding him specially formulated dog food for dental disease will help remove plaque between cleanings.

Periodontal Disease: What Is It?

Periodontal disease, which includes gingivitis and periodontitis, is an inflammation and/or infection of the gums and bone around your dog's teeth. It's caused by bacteria that accumulate in the mouth, forming soft plaque that later hardens into tartar. If untreated, periodontal disease can eventually lead to tooth loss.

Stage 1: Gingivitis
Gum tissue around the teeth can become inflamed and swollen. Plaque and tartar are usually present on the teeth

Stage 2: Mild Periodontitis
Infammation progresses to an infection that starts to destroy gum and bone tissue around the teeth. This can lead to discomfort for the dog, and bad breath may be noticeable.

Stage 3: Moderate Periodontitis
The continuing infection destroys more tissue around the tteth, often causing bleeding of gums and loosening of teeth. The discomfort and pain can afffect eating habits and behavior.

Stage 4: Severe Periodontitis
Extensive infection is tearing down even more of the attachment tissues (gum and bone). Teeth are at risk of being lost.

Periodontal disease is the most common disease among dogs. It affects more than 8 our of 10 dogs over 3 years of age (1).

Now there's a new vaccine to help fight the destruction caused by canine periodontitis

The Porphyromonas vaccine aids in the prevention of canine periodontitis as demonstrated by a reduction in bone changes. Periodontitis, the most common bacterial infection in dogs, can lead to long-term effects such as tooth loss if left untreated. When used as part of a complete dental care program, you can be confident knowing you are providing the best care for your dog.

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References
1. American Animal Hospital Asswociation. The Path to High-Quality Care: Practical Tips for Improving Compliance. Lakewood, Colo: AAHA Press, 2003;46.